Faculty of Engineering

Effective solutions to problems involving both society and technology must be based on a broad systems point-of-view. Not only must the overall technical factors of these problems be carefully considered, but the economic, social, human and political parameters must be given equally careful attention. When large scale engineering problems are under study, few people can be knowledgeable of the complete span of factors and parameters that must be considered. For these cases, solutions must be arrived at by interdisciplinary teams where each member contributes his or her own special expertise. In order to work effectively on this team, each member needs to be aware of the fundamental systems and design aspects of the problem. The rapid growth and complexity of industry have, indeed, created unusual problems; however, underlying the complexities of modern civilization and technology are similarities that make it possible to approach problems in many diverse fields with essentially the same concepts, theories and techniques. Systems theory has emerged as a scientific discipline for quantitative analysis, design and control of large classes of problems in engineering and social sciences.

The undergraduate program in Systems Design Engineering at Waterloo is a study of those basic skills required for system analysis, simulation, optimization and design. Numerous examples may be cited where these systems design fundamentals may be applied: transportation, engineering design, computer applications, water resources engineering, production, planning and scheduling, environmental pollution, education. Of course the importance of specialized expertise in these areas should not be minimized, but these skills usually work most effectively toward problem solutions when operating within an overall systems context.

The Engineering Profession

Systems Design Engineering is a unique engineering discipline which is formally accredited by the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB). With four years of work experience beyond graduation (BASc)¹, the Systems Design Engineer may apply for registration as a Professional Engineer.

Each province within Canada has its own Professional Engineering Association. The Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB) is a national organization that has representation from all of the Provincial Professional Engineering Associations. The CEAB determines what types of courses must be contained in a university engineering program in order for the program to meet the standards of Canadian engineering. The Systems Design Engineering program satisfies the strict standards of the CEAB and is therefore acknowledged as a fully qualified Engineering Program. In fact, the Department of Systems Design Engineering at the University of Waterloo is the only department of its kind in all of Canada.

The Systems Design Engineering program is specifically oriented towards developing graduates who can solve problems lying at the interface of technology and the human environment. Therefore, if you are technically oriented and also have a strong parallel interest in social and human problems, Systems Design Engineering may be the right program for you.

The Department of Systems Design Engineering also offers programs leading to MASc² and PhD³ degrees and in the past many Systems Design Engineering students have gone on to complete graduate degrees. The faculty members of the Department are involved in a wide spectrum of research activities such as conflict analysis, pattern recognition, ergonomics, computer engineering, and mechatronics. Students who also wish to do research in one of these areas may start at the undergraduate level by entering the Combined Bachelor's - Master's Program at the end of their 3B academic term. In this way they will be able to complete a Master's degree within one year after receiving their Bachelor's degree.

The Systems Design Engineering program is quite challenging. It is not easy to acquire the tools for resolving the problems of complex systems. Moreover, these tools are becoming more and more sophisticated. Thus, the average student in Systems Design Engineering is expected to work at least 50 hours per week as he or she increases in awareness of the theories of human communication and electro-mechanical systems, makes progress in the areas of Systems Theory, Human Systems Engineering, and Socio-Economic Systems, and absorbs the implications of the tremendous growth of electronic computing systems.

Further information is available from:
Associate Chair for Undergraduate Studies
Department of Systems Design Engineering
University of Waterloo
Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1
519-888-4567, Ext. 35566 or Ext. 36085

High School Liaison Officer
Department of Systems Design Engineering
University of Waterloo
Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1
519-888-4994, or 888-4567, Ext. 36085

Footnotes
¹BASc Bachelor of Applied Science
²MASc Master of Applied Science
³PhD Doctor of Philosophy

Employment Opportunities

Graduates of Systems Design Engineering will find employment opportunities in a number of diverse fields. To some extent, the technical elective area chosen by the student in the third and fourth year determines more specifically what he or she does upon graduation. Some particular types of jobs which Systems Design engineers may be involved with include:

• analysis and optimization of engineering systems
• simulation and advanced computer applications
• process control and instrumentation
• operations research
• development of alternative energy sources
• design of man-machine interface
• control systems design
• socio-economic systems design
• data analysis and pattern recognition
• occupational health and safety
• product design, planning and management
• ergonomics
• resources management
• research and development

These types of professional activities may fall within the domain of one or more engineering disciplines such as chemical, civil (e.g., structural, water resource and transportation systems), electrical (e.g., circuit design and microprocessor applications), mechanical (e.g., energy conversion and design of machines), environmental (e.g., environmental impact assessment and planning), industrial and human engineering.

UNDERGRADUATE CURRICULUM IN SYSTEMS DESIGN ENGINEERING

The Undergraduate program in Systems Design Engineering encompasses the study of the basic skills required for systems analysis, simulation, optimization and design. In particular the first three years of the program are intended to provide each student with a broad background and capability in the areas of:

• engineering design
• applied mathematics
• engineering sciences and systems theory
• socio-economic systems
• human systems engineering
• computer systems and applications

Throughout these three years the student's ability to grasp real engineering problems is enhanced by courses in Systems Design methodology followed by a series of challenging problem-solving experiences in the Systems Design Workshops. It is here that a focus is given to the whole curriculum and the student learns to apply the lecture material, to develop skills in solving problems that cut across the traditional disciplines, and to develop design, planning and organizational abilities.

The final year of the program is comprised mostly of elective courses, allowing the student to emphasize one or more areas of specialization. This provides the required background for a future year of advanced study to the MASc degree, or for a rewarding career in industry or government with the Bachelor's degree (BASc).

Systems Design Engineering Undergraduate Core and Suggested Elective Curriculum (Listed by Terms)

The Systems Design undergraduate program consists of two course groupings:

1. Compulsory core courses within the program that prepare the student for practice in engineering and comprise 70 to 80 percent of the course load.
2. Elective courses that comprise 20 to 30 percent of the course load.

A minimum of four complementary studies elective courses (CSEs) must be completed, in addition to the two complementary courses in the core program (SYDE 261 and SYDE 262), in subjects that complement the engineering curriculum (See the Complementary Studies Electives section below). A minimum of six technical elective courses must be completed in a particular technical discipline or disciplines appropriate to a student’s interests. (See the Technical Elective Packages section below). Your course selections must meet CEAB requirements, including a minimum number of instruction hours in the various CEAB categories.

What follows is the current core course curriculum for Systems Design students entering 1A Fall 2009 and beyond, with the course weight shown in square brackets [ ] next to each course.  For those students who began the program in 2007 or earlier, please consult the 2008/2009 calendar.  The students who began 1A in Fall 2008 will see a transitional curriculum, with 1A and 1B from the 2008/2009 calendar, 2A and 2B mostly as shown below, and terms from 3A through 4B exactly as shown below. Students should contact the Systems Design Undergraduate Office for more details on the transition. 

CEAB Requirements

To determine the suitability of elective courses, students should complete the CEAB Planner located under the Systems Design Engineering Undergraduate home page. In addition to meeting CEAB requirements, the student's course selections (as reported in their Planner) should be logical and defensible. Two CEAB Planners must be completed and submitted to the Associate Chair for Undergraduate Studies, one planner for approval purposes in the student's 3A term, and one planner for graduation purposes at the start of the student's 4B term.

Students that have combinations of electives that result in a program that does not meet the CEAB criteria will not be permitted to graduate.

Complementary Studies Electives (CSEs)

The Complementary Studies requirement gives students some breadth of studies related to their role as educated professionals in society. In addition to the two courses in the core program, at least four elective courses must be chosen to satisfy the Complementary Studies requirements. Only courses noted in Lists A, B, C, and D are Faculty-approved complementary studies electives. Students may arrange the sequencing of the complementary studies elective courses to suit their program (and any course prerequisites).

Technical Studies Electives (TEs)

Each undergraduate student in Systems Design Engineering must complete at least six technical electives to meet graduation requirements. Students may arrange the sequencing of the technical elective courses to suit their program (and any course prerequisites).

The Department of Systems Design Engineering offers a wide variety of technical elective courses in the third and fourth year. Students are encouraged to design their own elective programs to develop expertise in their particular interest area. Courses may be chosen from Systems Design Engineering, from other Engineering departments, and from a wide list of technical courses in the faculties of Science and Mathematics.  Only courses from Engineering and Computer Science will contribute towards CEAB hours in the categories of "Engineering Science" and "Engineering Design."

Technical Elective Packages

The Department has identified four technical elective areas within its current offerings. Additional information regarding elective packages may be obtained from the Associate Chair for Undergraduate Studies. Students may choose a technical elective package from the four areas identified below to help them in their selection of technical electives. Choosing a specific elective package is not mandatory.
Students do not receive any official notification on their transcript for completing an elective package. However, students may find it possible to arrange their electives in such a way as to complete the requirements for one or more Faculty of Engineering Option. To do this, students with sufficiently high grades are encouraged, subject to approval from the Associate Chair for Undergraduate Studies, to supplement their program with extra courses or courses taken by distance education or at another university.

Human Systems Engineering

The elective package in Human Systems Engineering offers students the opportunity to develop knowledge and skills applicable to the design and analysis of systems that interact closely with humans. This package draws upon the disciplines of engineering, psychology, and physiology in order to provide students with basic understandings of the capabilities and limitations of humans within a system context. The Department offers a selection of courses in the areas of human factors/ergonomics, as well as image processing and biomedical engineering. Application-oriented courses show how human systems methods can be applied in the design of interactive systems, in biomedical and clinical systems, and in the industrial workplace. In addition, students are encouraged to select other courses to complement and strengthen their fundamental knowledge in their chosen fields of study. These might include courses in statistics and experimental design, cognitive and developmental psychology, perception and pattern recognition, signal processing and kinesiology, or biomechanics and occupational health and safety. The elective courses in this package are as follows:

3B (Winter)
SYDE 348 User Centred Design Methods
SYDE 444 Biomedical Engineering: Human Function and its Measurement

4A (Fall)
SYDE 543 Cognitive Ergonomics
SYDE 575 Image Processing

4B (Winter)
SYDE 372 Introduction to Pattern Recognition
SYDE 444 Biomedical Engineering: Human Function and its Measurement (if not taken in 3B)
SYDE 542 Interface Design

Intelligent Systems

The Intelligent Systems elective package provides a theoretical and methodological framework for the study of "Information Engineering," an emerging field that includes artificial intelligence, robotics, communication, "smart" machines, and human-computer symbiosis. The systems-oriented approach emphasizes pattern analysis, since the recognition and classification of patterns is central to both human and machine intelligence, as well as finding application in many subfields of engineering. Courses in artificial perception (Image Processing) and artificial reasoning (Machine Intelligence) provide focused views in key application areas. The intelligent systems field provides one of the richest environments in which to acquire the familiarity with algorithms and data structures essential for disciplined software system design. Elective courses in this package are as follows:

3B (Winter)
SYDE 322 Software Design
SYDE 372 Introduction to Pattern Recognition
SYDE 444 Biomedical Engineering:  Human Function and its Measurement 

4A (Fall)
SYDE 423 Computer Algorithm Design and Analysis
SYDE 511 Optimization Methods for Stochastic Systems
SYDE 543 Cognitive Ergonomics
SYDE 575 Image Processing

4B (Winter)
SYDE 348 User Centred Design Methods
SYDE 372 Introduction to Pattern Recognition 
SYDE 422 Machine Intelligence
SYDE 444 Biomedical Engineering:  Human Function and its Measurement 
SYDE 524 Embedded Real-time Systems Design
SYDE 534 Remote Sensing Systems
SYDE 556 Simulating Neurobiological Systems
SYDE 558 Fuzzy Logic and Neural Networks 

Societal and Environmental Systems

When analysing, operating or designing a complex engineering project, a variety of interactions between the natural and social environment must be considered. Within this package are courses which present methodologies and techniques for formally studying societal and environmental systems from a systems design engineering perspective. Specifically, the courses are to provide a strong background in probability and statistics, economics, mathematical modelling (deterministic and stochastic) and decision methodologies. Additional experience can be gained by doing related workshop projects in SYDE 362, 461 and 462.

The courses in this elective package are:

3B (Winter)
SYDE 334 Applied Statistics
SYDE 372 Introduction to Pattern Recognition

4A (Fall)
SYDE 511 Optimization Methods for Stochastic Systems
SYDE 533 Conflict Analysis
SYDE 575 Image Processing

4B (Winter)
SYDE 334 Applied Statistics
SYDE 372 Introduction to Pattern Recognition
SYDE 422 Machine Intelligence
SYDE 534 Remote Sensing Systems

Students enrolled in the Combined Bachelor's/Masters Program may also take the courses:

SYDE 631 Time Series Modelling (Fall)
SYDE 632 Optimization (Winter)

Finally, students studying courses in this package often take courses from a related Faculty Option such as Water Resources, Environmental Engineering, Management Sciences or Statistics Option.

Systems Modelling and Analysis

The Systems Modelling and Analysis elective package offers the student a selection of elective courses that encompasses the theory, methods and mathematics of engineering systems design. In modern engineering practice, a design engineer is increasingly confronted with complex projects involving a variety of interdisciplinary sub-systems. The engineer must understand the operation of each sub-system, and be able to integrate them together to achieve an efficient and appropriate solution to the overall problem. The Systems Modelling and Analysis elective package introduces modelling and analysis of deterministic and probabilistic systems, as well as discrete and distributed parameter systems. The courses comprising the elective package emphasize analytical as well as computer based methods; the use of currently available computer aided analysis and design packages are encouraged.

The elective package structure is such that the students enrolled in this elective package can take additional courses, possibly from other departments, in order to specialize in any specific engineering discipline and at the same time obtain a strong systems modelling and design foundation. The elective courses for this package are as follows:

3B (Winter)
SYDE 372 Introduction to Pattern Recognition
SYDE 382 Modelling and Simulation of Mechanical Systems
SYDE 554 Systems Models 2 

4A (Fall)
SYDE 553 Advanced Dynamics
SYDE 555 Modelling of Continuum Systems
SYDE 575 Image Processing

4B (Winter)
SYDE 372 Introduction to Pattern Recognition
SYDE 382 Modelling and Simulation of Mechanical Systems
SYDE 554 Systems Models 2
SYDE 556 Simulating Neurobiological Systems

Faculty of Engineering Approved Options

Following is a list of Faculty approved options.

Biomechanics
Computer Engineering
Environmental Engineering
International Studies in Engineering
Management Sciences
Mathematics
Mechatronics
Physics
Statistics
Water Resources

Students who complete the requirements of these designated Options will receive a final academic transcript from the University with a statement that the Option has been successfully completed. Students should refer to the option section of the calendar for further information or contact the option coordinator.

Option in Computer Engineering

The aim of this option is to augment the core curriculum from Systems Design Engineering with technical elective courses from the Systems Design Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering and Computer Science departments so that students can acquire a strong background in both hardware and software aspects of computer systems. The focus is on software development and computer architecture. 

In addition to the regular Systems Design core courses, the following three technical electives are mandatory for this option:

3B (Winter)
SYDE 322 Software Design

4A (Fall)
SYDE 423 Computer Algorithm Design and Analysis

4B (Winter)
CS 450 Computer Architecture, or
ECE 327 Digital Hardware Systems

In addition three other technical electives must be taken from the following list.  Where a set of courses overlaps significantly, students may take only one or two courses from the set, as indicated:

CS 360 Introduction to the Theory of Computing
CS 442 Principles of Programming Languages