Students majoring in Honours Geography and Aviation may choose to graduate with one of the following specializations. Upper-year courses may not be taken without the appropriate prerequisites. It is recommended that students declare the addition of a specialization as early as possible by submitting a Plan Modification Form.
Climate Change and Environment Specialization
- GEOG 203 Environment and Development in a Global Perspective
- GEOG 207 Climate Change Fundamentals
- GEOG 209 Hydroclimatology
- At least 3.0 units, including at least one capstone course:
- GEOG 304 Carbon in the Biosphere
- GEOG 306 Human Dimensions of Natural Hazards
- GEOG 307 Societal Adaptation to Climate Change
- GEOG 309 Physical Climatology
- GEOG 356 Resources Management
- GEOG 357 River Management
- GEOG 368 Conservation/Resource Management of the Built Environment
- GEOG 420 Ice Sheets and Glaciers
- Capstone courses (see Note for all Specializations):
- GEOG 408 Earth's Future Climates (1.0 unit)
- GEOG 409 Energy Balance Climatology (1.0 unit)
- GEOG 452 Resource Management Project (1.0 unit)
- GEOG 456 Transforming Canadian Resource Management (1.0 unit)
- GEOG 459 Energy and Sustainability (1.0 unit)
- At least 1.0 unit from:
Earth Systems Science Specialization
- ENVS 200 Field Ecology
- GEOG 205 Principles of Geomorphology
- GEOG 209 Hydroclimatology
- At least 3.0 units, including at least one capstone course:
- GEOG 300 Geomorphology and the Southern Ontario Environment
- GEOG 303 Physical Hydrology
- GEOG 304 Carbon in the Biosphere
- GEOG 305 Fluvial Geomorphology
- GEOG 309 Physical Climatology
- GEOG 320 The Cryosphere
- GEOG 404 Soil Ecosystem Dynamics
- GEOG 407 Environmental Hydrology of Terrestrial Ecosystems
- GEOG 418 Cold Region Climates
- GEOG 420 Ice Sheets and Glaciers
- Capstone courses (see Note for all Specializations):
- At least 1.0 unit from:
- GEOG 306 Human Dimensions of Natural Hazards
- GEOG 316 Multivariate Statistics
- GEOG 318 Spatial Analysis
- GEOG 368 Conservation/Resource Management of the Built Environment
- GEOG 453 Urban Stormwater Management
- GEOG 456 Transforming Canadian Resource Management (1.0 unit)
Economy and Society Specialization
- GEOG 202 Geography of the Global Economy
- GEOG 203 Environment and Development in a Global Perspective
- GEOG 293 Approaches to Research in Human Geography
- At least 3.0 units, including at least one capstone course:
- GEOG 219 How Pandemics Change the World
- GEOG 222 Geographical Study of Canada
- GEOG 225 Global Environment and Health
- GEOG 233 Geography of Tourism
- GEOG 302 Geographies of Work and Employment
- GEOG 311 Economic Geography and Society
- GEOG 323 Tourism Impacts - International Perspectives
- GEOG 325 Geographies of Health
- GEOG 336 Space, Power, and Politics: Citizenship in a Changing World
- GEOG 349 Urban Form and Internal Spatial Structure
- GEOG 361 Food Systems and Sustainability
- GEOG 411 The Digital Economy
- GEOG 423 Sustainable Tourism
- GEOG 426 Geographies of Development
- GEOG 436 Feminist Economic Geography: Gender, Identities and Social Change
- Capstone course (see Note for all Specializations):
- GEOG 415 Economic Geography Project (1.0 unit)
- At least 1.0 unit from:
Geomatics Specialization
- GEOG 271 Earth from Space Using Remote Sensing
- GEOG 281 Introduction to Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
- GEOG 310 Geodesy and Surveying
- At least 3.0 units, including at least one capstone course:
- GEOG 371 Advanced Remote Sensing Techniques
- GEOG 381 Advanced Geographic Information Systems
- GEOG 387 Spatial Databases
- GEOG 483 Civic Technology and Digital Infrastructures
- GEOG 484 Machine Learning in Geospatial Science
- GEOG 487 Management Issues in Geographic Information Systems
- Capstone courses (see Note for all Specializations):
- GEOG 471 Remote Sensing Project (1.0 unit)
- GEOG 481 Geographic Information Systems Project (1.0 unit)
- At least 1.0 unit from:
Note for all Specializations
GEOG 490A and GEOG 490B Thesis (1.5 units) topics - if related to the specialization - may be approved to count towards a specialization capstone course by an associate chair, undergraduate studies, Department of Geography and Environmental Management.