Course subject: Mechanical Engineering (ME)

The course covers principles of finite element method as applied to linear and non-linear problems. The course will start by reviewing fundamentals of finite element method including discretization, element formulation, assembling process, boundary conditions, solving system of equations, and post processing. The focus will then shift to non-linear FEM. A brief summary of variational calculus and the classical theory of plasticity will be followed by the theory of non-linear FEM including various numerical integration schemes. The course will also include use of software/programming with available codes/in-house codes in solving nonlinear problems.

Linear elastic, elastic-plastic and fully plastic approaches to the analysis of cracked components. Calculation and measurement of fracture mechanics parameters - Charpy, strain energy release rate, stress intensity factor, crack tip opening displacement and J-integral - will be covered, including correlations between the various parameters and limitations on their use. Applications will include the analysis of sub-critical crack growth (fatigue) and design procedures, especially the failure assessment diagram approach.

This course will focus on techniques used to characterise materials including metals, ceramics, polymers and composites. Techniques will include scanning and transmission electron microscopy, x-ray and neutron diffraction, thermal analysis (DSC, DMA, TGA, dilactometry), and quantitative metallography. Some of the techniques covered in lectures will be used in laboratory exercises. These exercises will be used to demonstrate the practical use of the equipment and illustrate materials processing, microstructure and property relationships.

The interaction of material properties and process variables in plastic deformation processes. Phenomena of hot, warm and cold working. Thermo-mechanical processing. Flow stress and workability. Effects of hydrostatic pressure. Analysis of stress and strain state in forging, rolling, extrusion, drawing and sheet metalworking.

The concepts of computer-aided manufacturing, microcomputer systems and interfacing techniques for industrial applications. Conversion techniques, timing considerations, thermal and optical sensing, interpolation methods for control of drive systems and programmable controllers are representative of the topics presented. Hardware and software design of real time microcomputer systems which are then implemented in the laboratory constitute a major portion of the course requirements.

Derivation of the general energy equation. Parameters required for determination of heat transfer in laminar and turbulent flows. Fully numerical solutions, exact solutions, and approximate solutions for internal and external flows. Problems involving frictional heating, property variations and mass injection at the wall will be considered. If interest is indicated, special topics such as heat transfer by boiling, condensation and evaporation will be discussed.

Review Canada's and the world's energy situation from energy reserve availability, to consumption trends, to environmental impact. Energy resources covered include fossil fuels, nuclear, solar, wind, geothermal, and others. The technological capabilities and challenges associated with, and physics and engineering principles behind, a range of energy conversion systems are covered. The energy conversion systems covered are fossil fuel systems, nuclear fission power plants, photovoltaic and thermal solar collector systems, wind energy systems, and a range of other systems as appropriate from wave and tidal energy to fuel cells. The thermodynamics of energy conversion systems is considered from the perspectives of optimization and improving energy conversion efficiency. May be held with ME 459 (Energy Conversion) but with enhancements for the ME 659 students. Also offered Online.

This course presents the concepts and details required to develop computer codes for the simulation of complex multidimensional fluid flows. The following topics will be covered: the finite volume discretization method, discretization schemes for diffusive fluxes, iterative solution algorithms, multigrid acceleration techniques, first and second order bounded discretization schemes for advective fluxes, special treatments for the coupled momentum and mass conservation equations, pressure redistribution techniques, velocity-pressure solution techniques, and extensions to multi-dimensions. Enrichment topics will be chosen from the following research areas: grid generation, turbulence modelling, and emerging discretization and solution algorithm technologies.

Hydrodynamic equations of motion on a rotating axis. Geostropic balance in the atmosphere and oceans, vertical variation of wind and pressure fields in the atmosphere, mechanisms of pressure change, vorticity equation.

Ignitability of materials, flame spread, burning rates. Specification of design fires. Stages of room fires, hot layer development and composition. Thermal stratification, entrainment, ceiling flames and jets, smoke filling. Principles of ventilation, wall and ceiling vents, pressure distributions, smoke control. Wall and ceiling heat transfer, corner effects. Enclosure and zone radiation. Room fire growth and spread, flashover, rapid fire growth phenomena. Use of zone/field models for fire development. (Also offered Online)

An overview of advanced engineering design, from the establishment of the need to preliminary design, including formal and informal methods to facilitate and encourage innovation. Focus is places on a fundamental understanding of the problem and various theoretical and practical techniques to arrive at feasible solutions. There is a strong focus on practical applications, including case studies, and culminating in a major design project.

In this course students apply design methods, principles and practices learned in the previous courses (ME 680 and ME 681) to a highly authentic design project challenge. Students apply methods, principles and practices related largely to embodiment design, design verification, design implementation and refinement and design project communication. Aspects of design safety, sustainability and professional ethics and emphasized during the realization of the design project. Three graded design project reviews provide formative and summative assessment opportunities, as well as weekly instructor mentorship and assignments, preferably in a studio setting.

Mechanical engineering aspects of tribology are emphasized. Topics include the fundamentals of fluid film lubrication and contact mechanics. These fundamentals are applied to model friction, surface temperatures, boundary lubrication, mixed film lubrication, elastohydrodynamic lubrication and wear. Specific applications may be presented, if time permits. ME 423 is a recommended but not an essential prerequisite.

This course is aimed at applications of control to Mechanical Systems. Course contents: Review of Control; Poles and zeros, Transfer functions, Time Reponse, Actuators, Electrical Systems, PID Control, designing controllers with root locus, state space representations, phase planes, stability concepts, frequency Response. Applications to Mechanical systems: Robots, Hydraulic systems, Active Vibration Control.

Review of linear systems; free and forced vibrations; conservation systems; general autonomous systems; equilibrium and periodic solutions, linearization and Lyapunov stability criteria; Poincare-Bendixon theorem; quantitative analysis of weakly nonlinear systems in free and forced vibrations using perturbation methods; bifurcations and chaos in dynamical systems. This course will use computer programs (such as MAPLE and MATLAB) for simulation and analysis.

Design and analysis of pressure vessels, safety considerations and interpretation of pressure vessel codes. Fatigue and fracture modes of failure. Intersecting vessels and connections. Computer techniques of analysis.

Various courses concerned with advanced topics and methods in machine design, such as reliability, life-cycle design, computer-aided design, and kinematic synthesis. Subject to approval of instructor.

Atomistic and thermodynamic interpretation of the fundamental properties of solids. Diffusion, solidification, solid-state transformations (civilian and military), surface behaviour, phase equilibria, oxidation, corrosion.

Discussion of selected current topics in materials science and engineering.

Review of classical system modelling. Introducing bondgraphs as a unified approach in modelling of mechanical, electrical, thermal, and fluid dynamic systems. Application of bondgraphs to multibody dynamics. State space representation and response of linear systems. Review of classical linear control theory. Introduction to modern control theory and study system characteristics: controllability, observability and stability.

Building quality in manufacturing processes and products through statistical design of experiments. Reliability engineering and the association with quality. Reliability models of systems. Maintainability, and fault free analysis.

The assumption of local equilibrium in continuous systems; entropy production; the properties of real gases and their equations of state; statistical thermodynamics and the calculation of perfect gas properties; introduction to Second-Law Analysis; the principle of entropy maximization and the Janes-Tribus formalism.

Terrestrial and extra-terrestrial solar radiation; radiative and optical properties of materials; basic and advanced flat plate solar thermal converters, focussing converters, solar-electric converters, solar photovoltaic cells, thermal storage; applications to building heating and cooling systems, industrial heat and central electric plants. (Also offered Online)

The equations of flowing, reacting mixtures; estimation of transport properties; elements of heat transfer from flames: radiation and convection; applied chemical kinetics of combustion: effects of pressure, temperature and surfaces; explosions; kinetics of pollutant formation in flames: flame inhibition chemistry; coupled processes: ignition, flame spreading, staged reactions; diffusion flames: flame aerodynamics with turbulence, buoyancy, and swirl; furnace and burner combustion: sprays, jets, stability, noice; mass fires; behaviour, properties.

Design of experiments, error analysis, thermometry, flow visualization, anemometry, barometry, gas chromatography, radiation spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, photography and thermal radiation flux measurement. Application of these methods to measurements in reacting and non-reacting fluids.

Basic equations in stationary and rotating coordinate systems, forms suitable for axial flow and centrifugal flow machinery. Analysis and experimental characteristics of two-dimensional cascades, analysis of circular cascades. Effects of turbulence. Axisymmetric and general three-dimensional flows in diffusers, inlets, volutes and blade passages.